Get the latest news and training with the monthly Redgate Update Sign up. Graphic organizers are valuable tools to help students organize their thoughts before they begin writing an essay. Third- and fourth-grade students will benefit from this writing organization worksheet that teaches the basic structure of an informative essay, including the topic sentence, supporting details and evidence, and conclusion. Students write stories to go along with these fun cartoon pictures. Free, printable worksheets include a picture page and lined paper for writing. Bash is the GNU Project's shell—the Bourne Again SHell. This is an sh-compatible shell that incorporates useful features from the Korn shell (ksh) and the C shell (csh). It is intended to conform to the IEEE POSIX P1003.2/ISO 9945.2 Shell and Tools standard. It offers functional improvements over sh for both programming and interactive use.
GNU Bash
Bash is the GNU Project's shell—the Bourne Again SHell.This is an sh-compatible shell thatincorporates useful features from the Korn shell (ksh) and the C shell(csh). It is intended to conform to the IEEE POSIX P1003.2/ISO 9945.2Shell and Tools standard. It offers functional improvements over shfor both programming and interactive use. In addition, most sh scriptscan be run by Bash without modification.
The improvements offered by Bash include:
- command-line editing,
- unlimited size command history,
- job control,
- shell functions and aliases,
- indexed arrays of unlimited size,
- integer arithmetic in any base from two to sixty-four.
The maintainer also has a Bash page whichincludes Frequently Asked Questions.
Download
Stable releases can be found on the main GNU server(HTTPS, HTTP, FTP) and itsmirrors; pleaseuse a mirror if possible.
Documentation
Documentation forBashis available online, asis documentation for most GNU software. You mayalso find information aboutBashby running info bashorman bash, or by looking at/usr/share/doc/bash/, /usr/local/share/doc/bash/,or similar directories on your system. A brief summary is available byrunning bash --help.
Mailing lists
- (web interface) is used to ask for help about Bash, Bash programming or Bash shell scripting;
- (web interface) is used to report bugs or discuss most aspects of developing Bash.
Announcements aboutBashand most other GNU software are made on info-gnu@gnu.org.
To subscribe to these or any GNU mailing lists, please send an empty mailwith a Subject: header of just 'subscribe' to the relevant-request list. For example, to subscribe yourself to the GNUannouncement list, you would send mail to .Or you can use the web interface.
Getting involved
Development ofBash,and GNU in general, is a volunteer effort, and you can contribute. Forinformation, please read How to help GNU. If you'dlike to get involved, it's a good idea to join the discussion mailinglist (see above).
- Development
- For development sources, bug and patch trackers, and otherinformation, please see theBashproject pageat savannah.gnu.org.
- Translating Bash
- To translate the program messages into other languages, please refer tothe TranslationProject page for Bash. New translations or updates to the existingstrings will not be incorporated into Bash if they are sent elsewhere.For more information, see the Translation Projecthome page.
- Maintainer
- Bash is currently maintained by Chet Ramey.Please use the mailing lists for contact.
Documentation
Documentation forBashis available online, asis documentation for most GNU software. You mayalso find information aboutBashby running info bashorman bash, or by looking at/usr/share/doc/bash/, /usr/local/share/doc/bash/,or similar directories on your system. A brief summary is available byrunning bash --help.
Mailing lists
- (web interface) is used to ask for help about Bash, Bash programming or Bash shell scripting;
- (web interface) is used to report bugs or discuss most aspects of developing Bash.
Announcements aboutBashand most other GNU software are made on info-gnu@gnu.org.
To subscribe to these or any GNU mailing lists, please send an empty mailwith a Subject: header of just 'subscribe' to the relevant-request list. For example, to subscribe yourself to the GNUannouncement list, you would send mail to .Or you can use the web interface.
Getting involved
Development ofBash,and GNU in general, is a volunteer effort, and you can contribute. Forinformation, please read How to help GNU. If you'dlike to get involved, it's a good idea to join the discussion mailinglist (see above).
- Development
- For development sources, bug and patch trackers, and otherinformation, please see theBashproject pageat savannah.gnu.org.
- Translating Bash
- To translate the program messages into other languages, please refer tothe TranslationProject page for Bash. New translations or updates to the existingstrings will not be incorporated into Bash if they are sent elsewhere.For more information, see the Translation Projecthome page.
- Maintainer
- Bash is currently maintained by Chet Ramey.Please use the mailing lists for contact.
Licensing
Bashis free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under theterms of the GNU General Public License as published by the FreeSoftware Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at youroption) any later version.
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